THE REASSESSMENT OF THE ROMAN MILITARY PRESENCE IN GALICIA AND NORTHERN PORTUGAL THROUGH DIGITAL TOOLS: ARCHAEOLOGICAL DIVERSITY AND HISTORICAL PROBLEMS

Abstract

Traditionally, the study of the Roman military presence in Galicia (Spain) and Northern Portugal has been

based on the fragmentary documentation offered by Greek and Latin authors or epigraphy, with archaeolo

gy occupying a very secondary place in these historical narratives. In particular, the information is very

scarce for the period between the 2nd century BCE and 1st century CE, when these territories were conquered

and integrated into the Roman world. This work presents new Roman military sites discovered through an

integrated methodology involving an intensive application of remote sensing techniques in order to provide

information to foster a paradigm shift in this field of study. Distributed over a wide geographical area and

displaying a wide morpho-typological and locational diversity, this new archaeological evidence not only

reflects the ability of the Roman army to adapt to local natural and cultural environments, but also reveals a

major operational and logistical assortment that may relate to the diachronic nature of the military presence

in the region.