Dancers of History: The Fusion of Mediterranean Archaeology and Ancient Dance Culture

Abstract

In ancient Mediterranean cultures, from the Archaic period to Late Antiquity, a diverse range of performing arts employed dance as a potent tool for narrative expression. Our study employed a mixed approach to investigate the role of dance within ancient Mediterranean civilizations. This research design involved archaeological artifacts, artistic representations, and historical texts. The archaeological analysis examined artifacts from the relevant historical period, including pottery depictions, sculptures, and architectural features.  These artifacts offered clues about potential dance movements, rituals, and the dedicated spaces utilized for dance performances. Pottery sherds might depict figures in dynaic poses or holding musical instruments, suggesting dance practices.  Similarly, sculptures in flowing garments or raised arms could indicate dance postures. A mosaic floor might showcase figures engaged in a lively dance with musicians, suggesting a social gathering or celebratory event.  Alternatively, a wall mural could depict acrobatic figures engaged in a ritualistic performance. Historical texts identified any mentions of dance, its associated rituals, or its place within the social and religious spheres of these ancient cultures. References to dance in funerary rituals, celebratory events, or gender-specific practices provided valuable context for understanding the significance of dance within these civilizations.