Archaeometric Analysis of Electromyographic Patterns in Ancient Tai Chi Practices: Implications for Understanding Physical Strain in Historical Martial Arts

Abstract

This study employs a multiscientific approach to archaeology and cultural heritage by examining the electromyographic (EMG) characteristics of inner and outer forearm muscles during the execution of basic Tai Chi movements, an ancient martial art with deep historical roots in the Mediterranean and Asian regions. The research aims to understand the physical strain and fatigue experienced by historical practitioners, providing insights into the biomechanical aspects of ancient martial arts. EMG signals from contemporary athletes were collected and analyzed using MegaWin software, translating into one-dimensional time series data. Time domain analyses included integrated EMG and root mean square amplitude, while frequency domain analyses focused on average power frequency and center frequency. These data were statistically evaluated to identify correlations between EMG parameters and muscle fatigue, utilizing SPSS software for detailed comparative analysis. The results revealed a 98.3% consistency between the EMG-based fatigue assessment and actual conditions, with an energy consumption of 83 nJ/bit over 0.6 hours. This archaeometric study not only enhances our understanding of the physical demands of ancient Tai Chi but also contributes to the broader field of osteoarchaeology and digital archaeology by applying modern scientific techniques to historical practices.