The Application of Archaeology in Landscape Design: From Ancient Sites to the Design Transformation of Modern Public Spaces

Abstract

This paper explores the application of archaeological knowledge in landscape design, examining the transition from ancient sites to modern public spaces. It delves into the foundational theories and methods of archaeology, highlighting the significance of cultural stratigraphy and typology in interpreting historical contexts. The paper further investigates the theoretical underpinnings and evolving trends in landscape design, emphasizing ecological design and human-centered approaches. The practical application of archaeology in landscape design is exemplified through case studies of iconic sites such as the Roman Colosseum and the Terracotta Army in Xi’an. These examples illustrate the complexities and successes of transforming ancient sites into accessible and educational public spaces. The strategies employed in these transformations, including protective development and cultural inheritance, are analyzed to understand the balance between preservation and public engagement. The paper also explores the innovative approaches and future trends in the integration of archaeology and landscape design. It examines the role of advanced technologies, cross-disciplinary collaboration, and sustainable practices in creating immersive and interactive public spaces. Additionally, it identifies potential research directions, such as adaptive reuse strategies and the psychological impact of historically enriched environments. Throughout the paper, the importance of ethical considerations in the fusion of archaeology and landscape design is underscored. The need to balance commercial interests with the preservation of cultural heritage is acknowledged as a critical challenge. The paper concludes by affirming the potential of this interdisciplinary approach to create meaningful and resilient public spaces that honor the past while serving the needs of contemporary communities.