IDENTIFICATION OF THE BYZANTINE ENCAUSTIC MURAL PAINTING IN EGYPT

Abstract

Encaustic painting uncovered in the hermitage of Apa Apollo at Baouit- Assuit, was studied by means of spectroscopic, chromatography as well as elemental x- ray fluorescence, the analysis re- vealed unique information’s about the composition of the organic binding medium, as well as it deformation and alteration pattern. The elemental analysis highlights also the types of pigments used in the artistic palette used by the painter in order to execute his paintings. Beeswax was proved to be used, from bees which feed on sunflower, lead was the major com- ponent of the orange pigment indicating the usage of minium, arsenic sulphide mixed with hema- tite was used for the brownish red color, a copper based blue pigment, probably the Egyptian blue as well as the green earth mixed with Attachmate was also used for green colors. The results of the study gives a new information’s about a unique paintings executed with a rare technique, in Egypt.