ANALYSIS OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL BONES FROM DIFFERENT SITES IN EGYPT BY A MULTIPLE TECHNIQUES (XRD, EDX, FTIR)

Abstract

Archaeological bones were collected from different sites and conditions in Egypt to be analyzed by multi-
techniques to determine the reaction of bones in different burial environments (dry and moist conditions).
Different analytical techniques have been used to accurately recognize archaeological bones such as X-ray
diffraction, energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The results
revealed that XRD confirms that all bone samples taken from archaeological sites have high crystallinity.
EDX analysis showed different types of elements. It also proved the increasing of calcium and phosphor
elements in archaeological samples compared to the control sample. FTIR indicated deterioration of amides
groups compared to the control sample.